1. Basement engineering:

1.侧墙、底板板面渗水

Water seepage of 1. side walls and floor plates

原因：

Reason：

(1)混凝土施工质量差，存在微孔渗透；

(1) the quality of concrete construction is poor, and there is porous permeability.

(2)防水涂层粘结不牢或损坏。

(2) the waterproof coating is not firmly or damaged.

堵漏措施：

Leakage prevention measures:

(1)将渗水部位清理干净，用水泥基防水涂料作堵渗处理。

(1) clean up the site of water seepage and use cement based waterproof coating for plugging and seepage treatment.

(2)将渗水部位清理干净后，用水乳型托辊 吸水树脂 天津水处理设备 邯郸断桥铝门窗 唐山防水 检查井模具 沟盖板模具型氯丁橡胶沥青防水涂料等配合纤维增强材料作堵渗处理。

(2) after cleaning the seeping parts, the emulsion type chloroprene rubber bitumen waterproof coating and other fiber reinforced materials are used for the treatment of seepage.

2.地下室大面积严重漏水

2. serious leakage of large area in the basement

原因：

Reason：

(1)混凝土配合比及施工质量不良，存在灌通的孔洞；

(1) the concrete mix ratio and the poor quality of the construction exist, and there is a hole in the irrigation.

(2)由于各种原因使地下室出现裂缝；

(2) there are cracks in the basement for various reasons.

(3)防水涂层施工质量不好或防水涂层延伸性不够，而造成防水层拉裂。

(3) the construction quality of the waterproof coating is not good or the extensibility of the waterproof coating is not enough, which causes the waterproof layer to crack.

堵漏措施：

Leakage prevention measures:

除可采用壁内和壁后注浆，防水混凝土贴壁衬砌、水泥砂浆，挂网水泥砂浆抹面等方法外，也可采用防水涂料，先引流排水，然后填缝堵洞，杜绝渗漏。

In addition the wall and wall grouting, waterproof concrete wall lining, cement mortar, cement mortar precausions hanging net method, can also be used to waterproof coating, drainage, and caulking plugging hole, to avoid leakage.

3.变形缝、施工缝和新旧结构接头处渗漏

3. leakage at joint of deformation joint, construction seam and new and old structure

原因：

Reason：

(1)混凝土质量不良，收缩过大，出现裂缝；

(1) the quality of concrete is bad, the shrinkage is too large and the cracks appear.

(2)这些部位的细部防水处理方法欠妥善，如止水带安放位置不当，混凝土灌捣不够严实，嵌缝膏填塞不严等；

(2) detailed waterproof processing method of these parts of the deficiencies such as water stop improper placement, concrete vibrating tight enough, sealant packing is not strict etc.;

(3)密封材料及防水涂层延伸率不够，而被拉裂或脱离粘结面等。

(3) the extensibility of the sealing material and the waterproof coating is not enough, and it is cracked or separated from the adhesive surface.

堵漏措施：

Leakage prevention measures:

(1)在漏水部位嵌填，粘贴或注入柔性或弹性防水材料；

(1) inlay, paste or inject flexible or elastic waterproof material at the leakage part.

(2)在表面用弹性防水涂料(如聚氨酯防水涂料等)和纤维材料做增强防水层。

(2) on the surface of the elastic waterproof coating (such as polyurethane waterproof coating, etc.) and fiber materials to strengthen the waterproof layer.

4.穿墙管和预埋管处渗漏水

4. permeation of wall pipe and buried pipe

原因：

Reason：

(1)管子或套管安装不严密，周围出现裂缝和缝隙；

(1) the pipe or casing installation is not tight, and there are cracks and crevices around it.

(2)细部处理方法欠妥，管外壁及混凝土预留孔壁之间的密封材料填塞不严，外侧防水涂料加强层粘结不良等；

(2) the fine processing method is not appropriate, the sealing material between the outer wall and the retaining wall of the concrete is not tight, and the reinforcement layer of the outer waterproof coating is poor.

(3)密封材料及防水涂层因延伸率不够，而被拉裂，或脱离粘结面。

(3) the sealing material and waterproof coating are pulled apart or separated from the adhesive surface because of the insufficient elongation.

堵漏措施：

Leakage prevention measures:

(1)清理管外侧空间的嵌填密封材料或注浆，严密堵塞；

(1) the inlaid seal material or grouting in the outer space of the cleaning pipe is tightly clogged;

(2)管与地下室壁面连接根部用弹性防水涂料配合纤维材料做增强防水层。

(2) the pipe is connected to the wall of the basement with elastic waterproof coating and fiber material to strengthen the waterproof layer.